Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology
The Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology SJIF 2024: 6.875 is an innovative e-journal that serves as a comprehensive platform for scholars and researchers from all scientific disciplines—having IF(Impact Factor) 10.25 / 2025 in ResearchBib. This inclusive journal invites contributions from fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, environmental science, computer science, engineering, social sciences (e.g., sociology, psychology, anthropology), economics, mathematics, neuroscience, medicine, astronomy, geology, geography, political science, linguistics, education, agriculture, archaeology, and many others. Embracing the richness of interdisciplinary research, the journal encourages collaboration and knowledge sharing between diverse scientific domains. Through a meticulous peer-review process, the journal ensures the publication of high-quality research articles, reviews, and case studies exploring the frontiers of knowledge across the scientific spectrum. As a dynamic digital publication, it remains at the forefront of advancements in traditional and emerging scientific fields, fostering a holistic understanding of the world's most pressing challenges and cutting-edge technologies.
INDIVIDUAL INTERPRETATIONS OF THE SYMBOLS OF SEVEN IN UZBEKISTAN NATIONAL-LITERATURE THOUGHT
The article analyzes the symbolic, socio-philosophical and artistic interpretations of the number seven in Uzbek national literary thought. It examines the semantic layers of the number seven in folklore, proverbs, rituals, fairy tales, epics and modern Uzbek prose. The study argues that the number seven functions not merely as a quantitative unit but as a stable symbol of completeness, trial, responsibility, ancestral memory, prudence and spiritual maturity.
number seven, symbol of seven, national thought, folklore, symbol, artistic interpretation, Erkin A’zam, “The Seventh Fox”, modern Uzbek prose.
THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY
This article analyzes the formation and historical development of the concept of grammatical category from ancient linguistics to modern linguistic theories. The interpretations of grammatical categories in ancient, Arabic, Turkic, European and Uzbek linguistics are discussed. The linguistic nature and educational significance of grammatical categories are explained through noun categories. The article also evaluates the representation of grammatical categories in modern textbooks from a scientific and methodological perspective.
grammatical category, morphology, noun, category of number, possessive category, case category, linguistics, structural linguistics, grammar
COMPREHENSIVE STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF LIFESTYLE AND HEREDITARY FACTORS ON MEMORY AND VISUAL ACUITY
This article investigates and compares the effects of sleep duration, healthy nutrition, and time spent using smartphones on cognitive functions, particularly memory and attention, as well as on visual acuity in students and young professionals in the modern information environment, based on a questionnaire survey conducted among students. During the study, data were collected from 75 participants aged 19 to 39 using a specially developed Telegram bot and the Golovin chart.
memory, visual acuity, screen time, sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), hereditary factors, Golovin chart, cognitive activity.
FORMING A CREATIVE APPROACH IN YOUTH THROUGH THE ANALYSIS OF WORKS OF ART
This article discusses the issues of developing creative and innovative thinking skills in young people through the process of analyzing works of visual art. It substantiates that examining the content, color palette, composition, and ideological direction of artworks is an important factor in developing independent and non-standard approaches to reality among youth. In addition, practical recommendations are provided on the use of interactive methods during lessons and on enhancing artistic perception.
work of art, artistic analysis, creative approach, creativity, artistic perception, youth education, aesthetic education.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЦИТОКИНОВОГО ПРОФИЛЯ, СВОБОДНОРАДИКАЛЬНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ И АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПРИ НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОМ ЦЕРВИЦИТЕ И ИХ КОРРЕКЦИЯ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
Неспецифический цервицит является одной из наиболее распространённых воспалительных патологий шейки матки у женщин репродуктивного возраста и сопровождается развитием сложных иммунологических и биохимических нарушений. В работе представлены результаты изучения особенностей цитокинового профиля, свободнорадикальных процессов и состояния антиоксидантной системы при неспецифическом цервиците, а также их коррекции в процессе лечения. Проведён анализ изменений провоспалительных и противовоспалительных цитокинов, активности процессов перекисного окисления липидов и показателей антиоксидантной защиты у пациенток с воспалительными заболеваниями шейки матки. Установлено, что неспецифический цервицит сопровождается выраженным цитокиновым дисбалансом, активацией свободнорадикальных процессов и снижением активности антиоксидантной системы, что способствует хронизации воспалительного процесса и повреждению эпителия шейки матки. Показано, что комплексная терапия способствует нормализации иммунологических и биохимических показателей, уменьшению воспалительной активности и восстановлению морфофункционального состояния тканей. Полученные результаты подтверждают важную роль цитокинового профиля, свободнорадикальных процессов и антиоксидантной системы в патогенезе неспецифического цервицита и обосновывают необходимость их комплексной коррекции в процессе лечения.
неспецифический цервицит, цитокиновый профиль, провоспалительные цитокины, свободнорадикальные процессы, перекисное окисление липидов, антиоксидантная система, оксидативный стресс, воспалительный процесс, шейка матки, комплексное лечение, репродуктивный возраст.
MULTILINGUALISM, IDENTITY, AND EDUCATIONAL PRIVILEGE: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF YOUNG EFL LEARNERS IN UZBEKISTAN
This paper critically examines the sociolinguistic realities of young multilingual EFL learners within a private-school context in Uzbekistan. Drawing on sociolinguistic theories related to multilingualism, identity construction, language ideology, linguistic capital, and educational privilege, the study explores how learners aged 10–12 negotiate Uzbek, Russian, and English across diverse social and academic domains. The paper argues that English in this context functions not only as a foreign language for academic instruction, but also as a socially valued resource associated with globalization, educational mobility, intelligence, and institutional prestige. Particular attention is given to the influence of multilingualism, gendered interactional norms, code-switching practices, standard language ideology, and future-oriented educational expectations on learners’ participation and communicative behavior. Furthermore, the paper discusses how these sociolinguistic factors shape pedagogical decisions, classroom interaction, and assessment practices in EFL instruction. The analysis emphasizes the importance of sociolinguistically informed pedagogy that recognizes multilingual learners’ linguistic repertoires, promotes inclusive classroom practices, challenges discriminatory language ideologies, and prepares learners for authentic global communication beyond native-speaker norms. Ultimately, the paper highlights the role of TESOL professionals as socially responsive educators and advocates capable of addressing the complex relationship between language, identity, and educational inequality within multilingual learning environments.
Multilingualism; sociolinguistics; linguistic identity; educational privilege; language ideology; EFL learners; code-switching; multilingual pedagogy; English language teaching; Uzbekistan; communicative competence; TESOL
DIE BEDEUTUNG DER DIGITALEN KOMPETENZENTWICKLUNG BEI SCHÜLERINNEN UND SCHÜLERN
Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht die Rolle der digitalen Kompetenzentwicklung im Schulsystem. Im Mittelpunkt stehen pädagogische Ansätze, Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten, die digitale Bildung nachhaltig in den Unterricht zu integrieren. Die Studie analysiert aktuelle theoretische und praktische Entwicklungen und zeigt auf, wie digitale Kompetenzen zur Förderung von kritischem Denken, Selbstständigkeit und Kreativität beitragen.
Digitale, Kompetenz, Medienbildung, Informationskompetenz, Pädagogische Innovation, Digitale Lernmethoden, Kritisches Denken, Schlüsselkompetenzen, Bildungstechnologien, Lernmotivation, Medienkritik Einleitung
THEMES AND STRUCTURE OF HARRY POTTER’S WIZARDING WORLD
This article examines the thematic complexity and narrative structure of Wizarding World created by J. K. Rowling in the Harry Potter series. The study explores how the fictional universe combines mythological patterns, social commentary, and moral philosophy within a coherent literary structure. Using qualitative textual analysis and comparative literary methods, the article investigates the representation of identity, friendship, power, morality, discrimination, and heroism across the series. Particular attention is devoted to the structural organization of novels, including the hero’s journey, episodic progression, symbolic spaces, and the interaction between magical and non-magical societies. The findings demonstrate that Rowling’s Wizarding World functions not merely as an imaginative fantasy setting but also as a reflection of modern social, political, and ethical concerns. The article concludes that the enduring cultural significance of the Harry Potter universe lies in its successful integration of universal themes with a sophisticated narrative structure that appeals to diverse generations of readers.
Harry Potter; Wizarding World; fantasy literature; narrative structure; hero’s journey; symbolism; morality; identity; social inequality; mythological motifs; literary criticism.
CYBER - SOCIALIZATION AND GENERATION Z: PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF INTERGENERATIONAL COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS
In the era of rapid digital transformation, cyber-socialization has emerged as a fundamental factor in shaping the personality and communicative patterns of Generation Z. This study investigates the socio-psychological impact of digital environments on intergenerational communication, specifically focusing on the differences between students (Gen Z) and teachers. Through a quantitative study of 100 respondents in Tashkent, the research explores how internet usage intensity correlates with communicative competence and interpersonal distancing. Results indicate a significant “digital divide” where Gen Z prioritizes virtual interaction, leading to cognitive dissonance during face-to-face communication with older generations. The findings suggest that controlled digital literacy and psychological intervention programs can bridge this gap.
cyber-socialization, generation z, intergenerational communication, digital natives, communicative competence, social adaptation.
THE IMPACT OF MASS MEDIA ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: ANXIETY, STRESS, DEPRESSION AND AGGRESSION
This study investigates the influence of mass media consumption on mental health indicators - anxiety, stress, depression, and aggression - among secondary school students (grades 10–11) and university students in Uzbekistan. A cross-sectional comparative design was employed with 70 participants (n = 35 per group). Three validated instruments were administered: the Spielberger - Khanin Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), and the Buss–Durkee Aggression Inventory. University students demonstrated significantly higher reactive anxiety. Regarding aggression, indirect aggression and resentment were significantly higher in schoolchildren. Strong positive correlations were identified between anxiety types and DASS-21 subscales. These findings highlight differential media-related psychological burden across educational groups and underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions.
mass media; mental health; anxiety; depression; stress; aggression; DASS-21; Buss - Durkee; adolescents; university students; Uzbekistan
ISSUES OF PREPARATION FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE PROCESS OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING
This article examines the theoretical and practical dimensions of preparing pre-service teachers to work in inclusive educational settings, with particular emphasis on the role and significance of independent learning in this preparation process. The study investigates students' levels of readiness for inclusive education, their existing professional competencies, and their independent learning skills. The article analyzes the essence of the concept of inclusive education, its implementation within the educational system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the pedagogical conditions necessary for preparing pre-service teachers to perform effectively in inclusive environments through independent learning. The findings of the research demonstrate that independent learning constitutes an effective means of forming inclusive competencies in pre-service teachers, fostering their professional autonomy, reflective thinking, and creative approach to pedagogical practice. The article proposes a comprehensive program for preparing pre-service teachers for inclusive education.
inclusive education, independent learning, pedagogical preparation, professional competence, children with special educational needs, integration, differentiated approach, reflective thinking, individual learning trajectory, pedagogical mastery.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING CLINICAL SKILLS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION: OSCE, SIMULATION CENTERS, CLINICAL SCENARIOS, AND CHECKLISTS.
Background: Contemporary medical education demands competency-based approaches that ensure verifiable clinical skills in graduates. The integration of structured assessment tools and simulation-based learning has become a cornerstone of high-quality medical pedagogy globally. Objective: This study evaluates the pedagogical effectiveness of OSCE, simulation centers, clinical scenarios, and standardized checklists in undergraduate medical training at Tashkent State Medical University. Methods: A mixed-methods study involved 246 fourth- and fifth-year students divided into an intervention group (IG, n=123) and a control group (CG, n=123) over two academic years (2022–2024). OSCE scores, Clinical Confidence Scale ratings, procedural accuracy, and inter-rater reliability were measured. Results: IG students achieved significantly higher post-intervention OSCE scores (81.7 ± 6.2 vs. 68.4 ± 8.1; p<0.001, d=1.82). Simulation exposure correlated strongly with clinical confidence (r=0.71). Checklist implementation reduced inter-rater variability by 38% (Kappa: 0.54 → 0.84). Conclusion: Structured clinical skills technologies substantially enhance competency outcomes and assessment reliability in undergraduate medical education.
clinical skills, OSCE, simulation-based medical education, clinical scenarios, checklists, competency-based assessment, medical pedagogy
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEMS OF FICTIONAL TRANSLATION IN THE RUSSIAN-UZBEK LANGUAGE SPACE
This article explores the current issues of intercultural communication through the lens of literary translation in the context of the interaction between the Russian and Uzbek languages. The author analyzes the concepts of "translation adequacy" and "translation equivalence," the challenges of conveying national realities and idioms, and the role of the translator as a mediator of cultures. The article provides recommendations for improving the quality of translation and fostering intercultural communication through the use of modern translation methods and technologies. Special attention is given to preserving the ethnocultural uniqueness of the original while achieving equivalence.
intercultural communication, literary translation, Uzbek literature, Russian literature, realities, equivalent vocabulary, linguoculturology.
THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF 4C COMPETENCIES IN MOTHER TONGUE EDUCATION
This article analyzes the theoretical foundations of 4C competencies (critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration) in mother tongue education. Within the framework of the modern educational paradigm, the essence of the competency-based approach is revealed, and the didactic opportunities for developing 4C competencies in the process of teaching the mother tongue are highlighted. Furthermore, the study provides a scientific justification for the use of interactive methods, innovative pedagogical technologies, and effective ways of organizing learning activities aimed at developing these competencies. The article systematically examines the role of 4C competencies in enhancing students’ linguistic, cognitive, and social development, as well as their significance in mother tongue education.
mother tongue education, 4C competencies, critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, competency-based approach, interactive methods, pedagogical technologies, speech activity, cognitive development.
NOMINATIVE SENTENCES IN MODERN ENGLISH: DEFINITION, PREDICATIVITY AND COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTIONS
This article examines nominative sentences as independent one-member syntactic units in modern English. The paper discusses their grammatical status, communicative functions and the problem of predicativity in verbless constructions. Special attention is paid to the distinction between nominative sentences and elliptical structures, since nominative sentences are not incomplete variants of two-member sentences but self-sufficient units of communication. The article also analyzes the role of context, intonation and punctuation in creating predicative meaning. It is argued that nominative sentences are communicatively effective because they provide linguistic economy, sensory immediacy and strong emotional emphasis in literary, journalistic, conversational and advertising discourse.
nominative sentence, one-member sentence, verbless sentence, predicativity, nominal construction, communicative function, intonation, context, English syntax, linguistic economy.
ЦИСТИТ У ЖЕНЩИН: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ТЕРАПИИ
В данной статье рассматривается проблема цистита у женщин как одного из наиболее распространенных урологических заболеваний. Автор анализирует причины высокой частоты возникновения данной патологии, уделяя особое внимание анатомическим особенностям женского организма и факторам внешней среды. В работе подчеркивается необходимость комплексного подхода к диагностике и рассматриваются инновационные методы терапии, направленные на снижение риска рецидивов и улучшение качества жизни пациенток. Статья представляет интерес для специалистов в области клинической медицины и студентов медицинских учебных заведений.
цистит, женское здоровье, диагностика, инновационная терапия, урология, профилактика рецидивов.
ВЕТРЯНКА И ЕЁ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯ: СПОСОБЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ДОМА И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА
В данной статье рассматривается одна из наиболее распространенных вирусных инфекций — ветряная оспа. Автор анализирует этиологию заболевания, вызванного вирусом Varicella-Zoster, и подчеркивает тенденцию роста заболеваемости среди взрослого населения. Особое внимание уделяется группам риска, таким как беременные женщины, новорожденные и лица с иммунодефицитом, для которых инфекция представляет наибольшую опасность ввиду возможных осложнений. В работе описываются основные пути передачи вируса, методы диагностики, а также современные подходы к лечению в домашних условиях и меры профилактики. Статья имеет важное практическое значение для повышения осведомленности о методах борьбы с инфекцией и своевременного предотвращения её последствий.
ветряная оспа, вирус Varicella-Zoster, осложнения, диагностика, профилактика, общественное здравоохранение.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE USE OF SEISMIC ISOLATION DEVICES IN THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF MEDICAL BUILDINGS IN UZBEKISTAN
This article analyzes the importance of using seismic isolation systems in the design and construction of medical buildings in Uzbekistan, their types, technical requirements, and international experience. It also highlights the role of modern engineering solutions in ensuring the uninterrupted operation of medical institutions during earthquakes.
сейсмик изоляция, тиббиёт бинолари, зилзила, инженерлик ҳимояси, қурилиш технологиялари.
TRICHOGRAMMA AND METHODS OF ITS REPRODUCTION IN LABORATORIES.
In the modern integrated protection of plants from pests, the biological method is considered the most advanced, environmentally friendly, and safe approach for human health, nature, and warm-blooded animals. This method is harmless to bees and beneficial insects, and it is 8–10 times more cost-effective and efficient compared to chemical methods. Currently, 90% of pest control in our country is managed through biological methods. Taking this into account, the primary strategic plan involves a gradual transition to protecting 95% of crops using biological control methods.
grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella), common trichogramma, biolaboratory, autoclave, barley grain, sitotroga eggs, butterfly, safety cabinet (box), predatory mites, sulfur, test tube, jar.
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT BASED ON CFD AND ITS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
This article investigates the improvement of industrial equipment performance efficiency using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and evaluates its economic impact. The study focuses on analyzing fluid flow behavior, heat transfer processes, and energy losses in industrial equipment such as pumps, turbines, compressors, and heat exchangers. In modern industrial systems, equipment efficiency directly influences energy consumption, operational costs, and overall productivity. Inefficient flow design, turbulence, and thermal losses often lead to significant energy waste. CFD-based simulation provides a powerful tool to analyze these physical phenomena in detail and optimize equipment performance before physical implementation. The results of this study show that CFD-based optimization significantly improves equipment efficiency, reduces energy losses, and provides substantial economic benefits through reduced operating and maintenance costs.
CFD, industrial equipment, efficiency optimization, energy losses, heat transfer, economic analysis, simulation, turbomachinery.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EMOTIONS IN THE HUMAN PSYCHE
This article discusses the importance of emotions in human life, their types and psychological characteristics. It also analyzes the impact of emotions on a person's mental state, communication and daily activities. The article discusses the impact of positive and negative emotions on human behavior and reveals the importance of managing emotions. This article serves to study the role of emotions in human development.
emotions, emotions, mental state, psychology, positive emotions, negative emotions, emotional intelligence, personality, communication, stress.
In the era of modern digital transformation, ensuring information security has evolved from a mere technical task into a strategic priority that determines the stability of both nations and the private sector. This article analyzes current challenges in the field of information security, specifically focusing on the vulnerability of digital small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to cyber threats. Beyond traditional technical solutions, the study explores the interplay between information security, the human factor, organizational culture, and governance processes. By synthesizing international best practices and recent scholarly research from the Scopus database (2012–2024), this study highlights the importance of implementing "maturity models" and "Responsible AI" (RAI) principles to enhance cyber resilience. Furthermore, practical and scientific recommendations are provided for enterprises with limited resources on adopting lightweight security frameworks. The research findings justify the necessity of building an information security system based on a holistic approach, harmonizing people, processes, and technologies.
Information security, cybersecurity relevance, digital SMEs, cyber resilience, maturity models, human factor, cyber threats.
COMPARISON OF THE EPICS “MALIKAYI DILOROM” AND “ORZIGUL”
This article compares the epic poem “Malikai Dilorom” by Saodat Mushtariy and the epic poem “Orzigul” in folk literature, and examines their common and different aspects.
Saodat Mushtariy, Mahbuba Kadirova, “Malikai Dilorom”, folk literature, “Orzigul”.
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR INTRODUCING MODERN MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES IN MAHALLA INSTITUTIONS
The Mahalla, a centuries-old neighborhood self-governance institution in Uzbekistan, currently stands at a critical juncture between preserving its traditional social fabric and responding to the imperatives of a modernizing state. This article undertakes a comprehensive examination of the theoretical and practical foundations necessary for introducing contemporary management methodologies into Mahalla institutions without undermining their unique communal essence. Employing a qualitative, multi-case study design across four Mahallas in Tashkent and Fergana regions, the research draws upon in-depth interviews with Mahalla chairs, activists, and local government officials, as well as document analysis and direct observations conducted over an eight-month period. The study identifies a profound tension between the deeply embedded informal, consensus-driven management traditions and the principles of strategic planning, performance measurement, digitalization, and participatory budgeting advocated by modern public administration paradigms. Findings reveal that while there is a palpable demand for increased efficiency, transparency, and service quality, the wholesale import of New Public Management tools provokes resistance rooted in fears of cultural erosion and the disruption of organic solidarity networks. Conversely, a hybridized approach, which strategically integrates elements of agile management, digital communication platforms, and results-oriented frameworks within the existing socio-cultural architecture, demonstrates considerable promise. The article contributes an original conceptual model—the Culturally Anchored Modernization Framework—that outlines a phased, context-sensitive pathway for reform, emphasizing capacity building, co-design with community elders, and the incremental introduction of managerial innovations. The practical implications of this study offer a roadmap for policymakers and international development partners seeking to strengthen local governance in Uzbekistan and analogous post-Soviet community institutions, ensuring that modernization reinforces rather than erodes the Mahalla’s vital role as a pillar of social cohesion.
Mahalla institutions, modern management methodologies, community governance, public administration reform, Uzbekistan, participatory management, institutional change
ACID EROSION AND DAMAGE TO TOOTH ENAMEL FROM CHEMICAL WHITENERS
Acid erosion and chemical whitening agents cause significant damage to dental enamel. The main consequences include mineral loss, increased porosity, and heightened sensitivity. This article analyzes the causes of acid erosion, the effects of bleaching agents, and modern preventive strategies.
Dental erosion, Teeth whitening, Enamel damage, Hydrogen peroxide, Remineralization
COMMON HERITAGE: COMMONNESS OF NATIONS AND CULTURES
This article analyzes the organizational and content features of the international cultural and educational event "The Language of Patterns - the Echo of a Common Heritage", held for the first time in April 2026 at the State Museum of the History of Applied Arts and Crafts of Uzbekistan in Tashkent, as well as its scientific and practical significance. This event included a scientific and practical conference "Culture Coded in Decorations", an exhibition of unique handicraft products, and more than 12 master classes in national pattern art with the participation of craftsmen from Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan. A total of more than 80 participants took part in the event, and more than 20 master craftsmen from both countries demonstrated their creative works. The article also examines the dynamics of the development of Uzbek-Azerbaijani cultural cooperation in recent years, the results of the "Heritage in Stitches" exhibition held in Baku in 2024, and the continuity between the event in 2026.
international cultural cooperation, intangible cultural heritage, craft traditions, decorative arts, Uzbek-Azerbaijani relations, museum activities, intercultural dialogue, common historical heritage, master classes, symbolism of ornaments.
METHODS FOR CONTROLLING THE INTERFACE STRUCTURE BETWEEN MATRIX AND REINFORCEMENT IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS
This article analyzes the interface and interphase structure between matrix and reinforcing fibers in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, their influence on mechanical properties and load transfer mechanisms. Interface degradation, microcrack formation, and environmental effects are discussed. Theoretical models and experimental methods are also reviewed.
FRP, interface, interphase, matrix, reinforcing fibers, load transfer, microcracks, Cottrell–Kelly–Tyson model
STUDY OF DYNAMIC SORPTION OF OIL PRODUCTS IN WASTEWATER ON SORBENT
This article studies the dynamic sorption properties of composite sorbents obtained from local lignocellulose raw materials for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with petroleum products. The studies were conducted using a column method, and the adsorption efficiency, sorption capacity and regeneration properties of YP:KOH–10, AD:KOH–10 and YAD:KOH–10 sorbents for petroleum products were studied. The changes in the adsorption activity and outlet concentration of the sorbents over time during the dynamic sorption process were analyzed. Based on the results obtained, it was determined that the YAD:KOH–10 sorbent has the highest sorption capacity and adsorption efficiency. The results of the study showed that lignocellulose-based composite sorbents are promising adsorbent materials for the treatment of wastewater from petroleum products.
dinamik sorbsiya, kompozitsion sorbent, lignotsellyuloza, neft mahsulotlari, oqava suv, adsorbsiya, sorbsiya sig‘imi, regeneratsiya, kolonka usuli, KOH bilan aktivlashtirish
MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL PLATFORM CERTIFICATES FOR EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS OF THE POPULATION IN UZBEKISTAN
This article provides a scientific analysis of issues related to increasing the practical effectiveness of certificates issued through the national educational platform for earthquake preparedness of the population in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study is based on the experience of Turkiye in implementing certification systems for emergency preparedness and related incentive mechanisms. In the context of Uzbekistan, an incentive model integrated with the energy, labor, education, and local governance systems is proposed to enhance the real socio-economic value of certificates. The research findings indicate that reinforcing certificates with practical benefits is an effective tool for improving the population's level of preparedness for emergency situations.
earthquake preparedness, seismic safety, national educational platform, certificate, incentive mechanism, differentiated incentives, institutional element, emergency situations.
АРБИТРАЖНАЯ ПРАКТИКА ПО СПОРАМ О ТОВАРНЫХ ЗНАКАХ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ УЗБЕКИСТАН: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯ, ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Настоящая статья посвящена комплексному исследованию арбитражной практики по спорам о товарных знаках в Республике Узбекистан. На основе анализа действующей правовой базы, решений национальных арбитражных институтов и судебной практики экономических судов выявляется ключевые проблемы правоприменения, характерные для данной сферы, прослеживает актуальные тенденции развития и формулирует предложения по совершенствованию механизмов разрешения указанной категории споров. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам арбитрабельности споров об интеллектуальной собственности, доказательственной базе, исполнимости арбитражных решений и интеграции Узбекистана в международные стандарты охраны товарных знаков
товарный знак, арбитраж, интеллектуальная собственность, коммерческий арбитраж, Узбекистан, правовая охрана, МКАС, исключительные права, лицензионный договор, недобросовестная конкуренция.